ABSTRACT
Background: Silent MI is common among diabetics due to autonomic dysfunction and loss of pain alert mechanism. There are various risk factors associated with silent MI in diabetes which needs screening earlier to prevent unanticipated cardiovascular mortality. The objective of the present investigation was to study the prevalence and clinical factors associated with silent myocardial ischemia as diagnosed by TMT among type 2 diabetics who had no previous history or symptoms of cardio-vascular disease.Methods: A total of 200 type 2 diabetes affected subjects with duration of diabetes for at least 6 months, above 18 years of age, attending to the diabetology OPD, during the time period June 2017 to May 2018 were included in the study. Blood investigations and TMT were done for all the participants and documented in a proforma.Results: Silent MI was documented by using TMT in 36.5% (n=73) of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The factors like age (59.1±16.3 years), duration of diabetes (8.2±2.6 years), obesity (BMI=29.6±4.7 kg/m2), Glycated haemoglobin (9.7±2.8 %), lipid levels and post-prandial blood sugar levels (236±11.8 mg/dl) associated well with silent MI as predicted by TMT. Fasting blood sugar did not show significant association with Silent MI.Conclusions: The prevalence of silent MI was higher among the type 2 diabetic individuals compared to non-diabetics. Age, duration of diabetes, HbA1c levels, BMI, dyslipidemia and post prandial blood glucose levels were associated significantly with incidence of silent MI in patients with type 2 diabetes.
ABSTRACT
Background: Microalbuminuria is a risk factor for end stage renal disease as a sequalae of diabetic nephropathy and an independent risk factor for cardio-vascular diseases. Early screening for Microalbuminuria can prevent long-term complications. The objective of the present investigation was to study the magnitude of Microalbuminuria among the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus attending to the diabetic clinic and correlate with other biochemical parameters related to complications of diabetes.Methods: This observational study was conducted among 500 type 2 diabetic patients attending to the diabetology OPD, Department of General medicine during the time period June 2017 to May 2018. The patients were interviewed for socio-demographic details, history and clinical examination and subjected to blood investigations and ECG.Results: Microalbuminuria was present in 31.6% (n=158) of the diabetics. Age group 45-55 years, male gender, duration of diabetes >10 years, active smokers, Diabetic retinopathy, Peripheral neuropathy, Ischemic heart disease, SBP 160-170 mmHg, DBP 95-100 mmHg and 100-105 mmHg, BMI 30-35 Kg/m2, TG >250 mg/dl, LDL >110 mg/ dl and HbA1c 7.5-9 % showed a greater odds ratio and significant association (p<0.001) with Microalbuminuria.Conclusions: There was an increased prevalence of Microalbuminuria among the patients with type 2 diabetes. It also showed significant association of major microvascular and macrovascular complications of diabetes and Microalbuminuria.
ABSTRACT
Background: There is a complex interrelationship in the co-existence of thyroid dysfunction among diabetic patients and may be related to the development of cardiovascular diseases and other complications of long term metabolic derangements. The prevalence of thyroid dysfunction varies from 10 to 24% among diabetic patients. The objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction among the patients with diabetes mellitus in a tertiary care hospital at Puducherry, India.Methods: This retrospective study was conducted during June 2018 analysing the records of diabetes patients attending to the diabetes OPD, Department of General Medicine in the past one year and their association with thyroid dysfunction was studied.Results: Among the study participants (n=200), 14.5% (n=29) were Type I diabetics and 85.5% (n=171) were type II Diabetes patients. The prevalence of Thyroid Dysfunction (TD) among the study participants was 28.5% (n=57). The proportion of TD was higher among type 1 DM compared to type 2 (p<0.001). The prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism was more (n=7, 24.1%) among type 1DM compared to type II DM patients (p=0.05).Conclusions: There was a higher prevalence of TD among the diabetics. TD was more frequent among type 1 DM compared to Type 2 DM patients and the most frequent TD associated with diabetes was subclinical hypothyroidism.
ABSTRACT
Background: There is a complex interrelationship in the co-existence of thyroid dysfunction among diabetic patients and may be related to the development of cardiovascular diseases and other complications of long term metabolic derangements. The prevalence of thyroid dysfunction varies from 10 to 24% among diabetic patients. The objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction among the patients with diabetes mellitus in a tertiary care hospital at Puducherry, India.Methods: This retrospective study was conducted during June 2018 analysing the records of diabetes patients attending to the diabetes OPD, Department of General Medicine in the past one year and their association with thyroid dysfunction was studied.Results: Among the study participants (n=200), 14.5% (n=29) were Type I diabetics and 85.5% (n=171) were type II Diabetes patients. The prevalence of Thyroid Dysfunction (TD) among the study participants was 28.5% (n=57). The proportion of TD was higher among type 1 DM compared to type 2 (p<0.001). The prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism was more (n=7, 24.1%) among type 1DM compared to type II DM patients (p=0.05).Conclusions: There was a higher prevalence of TD among the diabetics. TD was more frequent among type 1 DM compared to Type 2 DM patients and the most frequent TD associated with diabetes was subclinical hypothyroidism.